The first and foremost emerging problem in the world is population explosion that directly impact in our environment and every vital element of our environment such like water Tree,air,and many other things . It causes poverty inflation of money, high price rate of daily commodities and creates thousands of problems which are too hard to solve us. In Depth. The challenge in assessing both your businesses' environmental impact and the potential benefits of becoming more sustainable is in working out the true extent of your operations. While some aspects are relatively easy to identify - amount of recycling, office energy efficiency, or the number of flights taken by employees, for Climate change is a significant threat to the health of the American people. This scientific assessment examines how climate change is already affecting human health and the changes that may occur in the future. View Chapter Summary 1 Climate Change and Human Health View Chapter Summary 2 Temperature-Related Death and Illness View Chapter Summary 3 Temperature inversions in at least 27 states and the District of Columbia produced serious smog problems. The more widespread use of trucks and airplanes exacerbated the nation's air pollution problems. It became apparent during the 1960s that smog was not a local problem, but a national one requiring the attention of the federal government. Apply the concept of carrying capacity to environmental concerns. Understand the challenges presented by pollution, garbage, e-waste, and toxic hazards. And now, just over ten years later, we have added another billion. A look at the graph of projected population indicates that growth is not only going to continue, but it will continue at a As with many highly processed food products there are concerns about the safety of canola oil. First is the use of a solvent such as hexane to extract the maximum amount of oil from the seed. Hexane is a very volatile solvent (boiling point 69ºC, or 156ºF) with a very low toxicity (LD 50 in rats of 49.0 milliliters per kilogram). 7opZK. The COP26 climate change conference in Glasgow is drawing to a close. And despite high hopes, many young people may be feeling disappointed with the progress at these landmark talks. They may be feeling anxious about their future, considering they’ll be bearing the brunt of the impact of decisions made over the past two weeks. Our soon-to-be published research in the journal Child and Adolescent Mental Health shows most young people in Australia are concerned about climate change. But that’s not necessarily a problem. For some, a growing concern can motivate them to take action. There’s a word for this concern – eco-anxiety Eco-anxiety relates to worry and despair about climate change. Connected terms include “ecological grief”, which reflects grief related to ecological loss. People can also experience emotions such as fear, guilt and anger about climate change. We know adults experience these types of climate-related emotions. Read more Feel alone in your eco-anxiety? Don't – it's remarkably common to feel dread about environmental decline However, understanding young people’s views about climate change is important as they are more likely to be alive to experience its worst potential effects. Young people have also had a prominent role in climate activism, including the School Strike 4 Climate movement involving millions of young people around the world. These Brisbane school students, protesting against climate change earlier this year, are part of a global youth movement. Dan Peled/AAP Image Given the level of young people’s worry or concern about climate change we identified in our study, we may see their views becoming more influential as they reach voting age. Listening to these climate change concerns is vital. However, only 13% of young people in Australia feel government leaders are listening to them. We asked young people about climate change In our study, we tracked concern and worrying about climate change in more than 2,200 Australian young people over a period of eight years. At the start of the study, participants were aged 10-11, so by the end, they were 18-19 years old. At 18-19 years of age, most young people 75% had at least some concern or worry about climate change. But we also identified different patterns of climate worry over time. About half had increasing or had maintained moderate levels of worry over time. A total of 13% maintained high levels of worry over the eight years we tracked them. But 17% had persistently low levels of worry. Some young people became less worried over time. Read more Greta Thunberg emerged from five decades of environmental youth activism in Sweden Compared to those who were moderately worried, adolescents with high levels of persistent climate worry had higher depression symptoms at age 18-19. However, those who increased their climate-related worry over time did not. This suggests developing an awareness and concern for the environment was not associated with general mental health difficulties. Those with persistently high and increasing levels of climate worry had greater engagement with politics and news at 18-19 years. There are some positives Some level of worry and anxiety is normal. Anxiety can play an important role in protecting ourselves from danger and threat. Some worry may also motivate people to engage in constructive responses to climate change. Although we did not specifically examine activism in our study, previous studies show climate worry is associated with greater feelings of personal responsibility to make changes to reduce the impacts of climate change. However, anxiety can become a problem when it preoccupies us, leads us to avoid the thing that makes us anxious, gets in the way of daily life or stops us from doing the things we want to do. Our study shows that for most young people, climate worry is not associated with general mental health difficulties. However we don’t yet know the relationship between climate-related worry and mental health difficulties in younger children, as our study only looked at mental health outcomes at age 18-19. Read more The rise of 'eco-anxiety' climate change affects our mental health, too What if your concerns are overwhelming? Open communication about climate-related worry is essential. Parents play an important role and can talk with their children about these issues and listen to and validate their concerns. Worrying about the environment is rational and grounded in reality, as we are increasingly seeing the impacts of climate change around us. It’s OK for young people to feel worried. And we shouldn’t assume these worries are unproductive or necessarily associated with broader mental health difficulties. Acknowledging and validating feelings is key, and supporting young people to engage in activities to take action, if they want to, may help. Reassuringly, most young people in our study were not presenting with levels of worry that would warrant further assessment or treatment. Read more Treating a child's mental illness sometimes means getting the whole family involved Where to go for support If young people and their parents want additional support, seeing a GP is a good first step. Young people can also visit specialist youth mental health services such as headspace. A psychologist or other mental health professional can help young people develop ways of coping with and managing their worries. If this article has raised issues for you, or if you’re concerned about someone you know, call Lifeline on 13 11 14. Air quality advisories were in effect for 110 million people in the United States on Wednesday morning, ranging from New Hampshire to South Carolina and covering the Northeast, including Boston, New York City and the Northeast, the poor air quality is the result of wildfires raging in eastern Canada, sending smoke wafting into the In some areas, the smoke is so dense that people can smell it and the skies appear hazy. About 90 million people in the are impacted by the the Northeast, high concentrations of ground-level ozone — also known as smog — are driving unhealthy air quality levels in a number of urban areas across the live coverage on air quality conditions and Canada's wildfiresWhat causes poor air quality?Poor air quality can be caused by any airborne “irritant” — a particle or substance in the air that is harmful to a person to breathe in, according to Dr. Purvi Parikh, an allergist and immunologist at the Allergy & Asthma Network, an advocacy group for people with asthma, allergies and related examples are air pollution, including from vehicles and carbon emissions, as well as rising ozone levels, she disasters, like wildfires, often cause short-term spikes in poor air quality as the smoke, which contains carbon monoxide and other dangerous chemicals, enters the atmosphere. Especially concerning is small particulate matter — tiny particles in the air that measure less than micrometers in diameter, or roughly 4% of the width of a strand of hair. These particles are small enough to be inhaled deep into the lungs and can enter the are a few options for face masks if you need to be outside Disposable, KN95 and Environmental Protection Agency uses the air quality index to report air quality. It ranges from 0 to more than 300, with levels 50 and below considered the healthiest. When levels exceed 150, the general population may start to experience symptoms. Over 200 is considered "very unhealthy."Smoke from wildfires in Canada drifts into New York state can poor air quality hurt health?Many of the health issues people see from poor air quality, in general, can overlap with health issues people see from wildfire smoke, said Dr. Wynne Armand, a physician at Massachusetts General Hospital and associate director of the MGH Center for the Environment and pollution from wildfire smoke can make breathing difficult for anyone, but especially for young children, older adults, pregnant women and people with asthma or other pre-existing respiratory conditions, she said. Dr. Aida Capo, a pulmonologist at Hackensack Meridian Health in New Jersey, said on Wednesday that she's already seen an influx of patients because of the poor air quality, including patients with worsening symptoms of asthma or emphysema. "It's an almost immediate effect," Capo said. "If you're outside for any length of time, your symptoms can start and can worsen quickly."In the short term, wildfire smoke can cause irritation to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs, as well as an increased risk of respiratory infection. Studies have also found that short-term exposure to small particulate matter increases the risk of a range of cardiovascular and respiratory term, exposure to air pollution is associated with several chronic health conditions, including Severe asthmaPreterm birthHeart diseaseStrokeLung cancer DementiaLower IQ in children Smoke can be especially dangerous for pregnant women because they usually have diminished lung capacities due to their growing bellies, Parikh said. Exposure to air pollution during the first and second trimesters may also be associated with gestational diabetes, according to a study published in air pollution can harm a developing fetus and increase the risk of low birth weight, miscarriage and stillbirth. A global analysis found that air pollution likely contributed to nearly 6 million premature births in 2019. Does wildfire smoke make allergies worse? While smoke itself is not an allergen, it can irritate the nasal passages and airways.“If you have allergies on top of that, you’ve got two different things causing symptoms at the same time,” said Dr. Stokes Peebles, an allergy and pulmonary specialist at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in may also worsen depending on what’s burning. If a person is sensitive to an environmental allergen, such as trees or grass, breathing in the smoke that results from burning that allergen may cause a more, heat can cause pollen to rise and be airborne for longer periods of time, spreading those particles even hundreds of miles away, Peebles said. “They can travel farther than they would ordinarily because they go higher into the atmosphere.”An N95 mask can help block those particles for people especially prone to environmental allergens, Peebles can I protect myself when the air quality is bad?Experts advise checking air quality alerts regularly. the EPA's website, allows people to track air quality by entering their ZIP codes. Many smartphones have apps that also track air Scott, a fellow at the American Association for Respiratory Care, a professional organization for respiratory therapists, recommended that people stay indoors as much as they can, with doors and windows closed. That includes for activities like exercise, which can cause stress on the with respiratory-related health conditions, including asthma, should monitor their symptoms closely, he added. They should also make sure their medications, like inhalers, are available or not expired.“People know their bodies really well. If they see some changes they believe are related to bad air, perhaps they need to contact a physician or advanced practice provider,” Scott of Hackensack Meridian Health, recommended that people with asthma use their rescue inhaler 15 minutes before they go outside. People look out at Montreal covered in smoke from the chalet on top of Mont-Royal on Ivanov / AFP - Getty ImagesParikh advised people to keep their homes well ventilated. People who need to go outside can wear a mask, such as an N95, she said.“Believe it or not, masking just like we did with Covid can be helpful in acting as a barrier between you and reduce the amount of particulate matter that you breathe in,” she said. Armand advised against dusting or mowing your lawn on days when the air quality is poor. Burning candles or using a gas stove can also contribute to poorer air quality on these days. People should seek medical attention if they experience a cough, trouble breathing, chest pain or wheezing or hear a whistling sound in the chest, Parikh air filters help with wildfire smoke?Indoor air filters can help reduce or remove pollutants, including small particulate matter from wildfire smoke. Indoor air filtration, including HVAC systems heating, ventilation and air conditioning and portable air purifiers can also help scrub pollutants that may have traveled inside homes and other can purchase portable air cleaners with replaceable HEPA filters that strain out small particulate matter, or HEPA filters are also available for homes outfitted with central heating and cooling systems. California’s Environmental Protection Agency recommends using an indoor air cleaner anytime the air quality index hits “unhealthy” levels, or if people see or smell smoke in the air. But people can also make their own indoor air cleaners by attaching an air filter to a box fan with tape, brackets or a bungee cord. If window air conditioning units, HVAC systems or portable air cleaners are not available, the Environmental Protection Agency said “DIY air cleaners” can serve as “a temporary alternative to commercial air cleaners.” The agency cautioned that DIY air cleaners should not be used routinely, and that concerns have been raised about the potential fire or burn risk involved if box fans EPA added that there is limited research on the effectiveness of DIY air cleaners, but a study published in July 2021 in the journal Aerosol and Air Quality Research found that low-cost filtration methods, including attaching a filter to a box fan, “can have significant benefit for filtering submicron smoke particles and may reduce exposure to during wildfire smoke events.”Is poor air quality bad for pets?Absolutely, according to Parikh. “Other mammals, they suffer from many of the same lung conditions that humans do,” she said. Scott said people should keep their pets — such as cats and dogs — indoors as much as possible. “If pets are outside, they’re running around outside or if they’re spending most of their time outside, it seems like it would probably create some irritation in their breathing and their airways and lungs as well,” he said. Follow NBC HEALTH on Twitter & Facebook. People who had to leave their homes due to fires burning across northern and western regions of Quebec will not be able to return to their communities until next week, says Premier François speaking at a news conference Wednesday morning in Quebec City, said dry weather and strong winds are creating dangerous conditions and heavy smoke in areas that have been evacuated so far."I want us to be realistic and not have rose-coloured glasses. We won't have rain in the next few days," he the Abitibi region, people have been forced out of their homes in communities including Lebel-sur-Quévillon, Senneterre, Lac Simon Anishnabe Nation, Barriere Lake, Normétal and west and north, evacations have taken place in communities including Manawan, Chibougamau and Oujé-Bougoumou. In Waswanipi and Mistissini, people are preparing to evacuate the area. A full list of evacuated areas is available on Quebec's date, 11,400 people have had to leave their of them have made their way to the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean area for safety over the last two days. WATCH Experts say some parts of province benefited from rainfall How the weather is affecting Quebec's forest fires and smog - and what will have to happen to make it all betterEnvironment Canada's experts say some parts of the province benefited from rainfall this week, but the effects may only be temporary. For other areas, the situation may only get worse."I want to thank people from Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean," said Legault. "I was really impressed last night, on social media we saw people offer their homes to those evacuated. There is exceptional solidarity among Quebecers."Legault also said his government is looking at helping people out with expenses related to North Shore was an area of significant concern earlier this week, but the situation is now under control and Sept-Îles residents have been able to go home, said evacuees flee northern Quebec communities to safety of SaguenayAn important piece of Hydro-Québec infrastructure near Baie-Comeau is no longer under threat from the the premier warned, the situation could change quickly and it's possible that new evacuation orders will be said he "understands it's anxiety-inducing to leave your home, but your safety is more important." Out-of-province reinforcementsArmed forces and out-of-province firefighters have been on the ground in Quebec to help tame the wildfires, but local fire authorities have said they only have the capacity to fight about 40 fires at a time for far, 460,000 hectares of land burned — already surpassing the 1991 total of about 350,000 hectares, said Forestry Minister Maïté Blanchette Vézina."We have never seen these many hectares [burn]," she said. There are currently 670 people fighting the fires on the ground, excluding the pilots of waterbombing aircrafts, said Evacuees are exhausted but hopeful in ChicoutimiThe latest from the scene of the northern Quebec forest firesCBC's Kwabena Oduro reports on the latest from Chicoutimi, has 11 working aircrafts out of 13, and Yellowknife is lending the province two of its aircraft while Nova Scotia sent out four. Reinforcements from New Brunswick and France are on the way, said Legault, with plans to add more from Mexico, Spain, Portugal and the United States. If all goes to plan, 1,200 employees would be on the ground fighting the fires, said because fires are burning across the country, getting help from other provinces may prove tricky, he said. Newfoundland and Labrador has already taken back two of the aircraft it had lent to Quebec. As of noon Wednesday, 149 fires were blazing in the province, most of them out of control. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau tweeted Wednesday evening that reinforcements had started to arrive from the with more on the way. Hundreds of American firefighters have recently arrived in Canada, and more are on the way. On the phone today, I spoke with POTUS Biden about this critical support – and I thanked him for all the help Americans are providing as we continue to fight these devastating wildfires.—JustinTrudeauAir quality improving in MontrealA smog warning in Montreal was extended until 715 Wednesday. Legault recommends those with asthma and respiratory problems stay inside with the windows it comes to getting back to normal air quality, rain helps wash away the pollutants and particles, explained Jean-Philippe Bégin, a meteorologist for Environment and Climate Change Canada ECCC.While there has been rain in some parts of the province, more is needed. Regardless, air quality is improving in some hard-hit regions, he does all this wildfire smoke in southern Quebec mean for your health?"Things have already improved in the Montreal area as of last night, the air quality is better, but in the Ottawa region, the air quality is still bad," Bégin said on winds shifting to the north and northeast on Thursday, there should be further improvement, he said, even if the winds aren't strong. However, the situation is changing hour by hour and requires constant monitoring, he fires or extinguished fires can change the forecast, he said. A person jogs through a Brooklyn park on a hazy morning resulting from Canadian wildfires on June 6 in New York City. Spencer Platt/Getty Images hide caption toggle caption Spencer Platt/Getty Images Dozens of wildfires are burning in the Canadian province of Québec, and the smoke is so bad that it's causing air quality problems across large swaths of the The National Weather Service said air quality has "plummeted" across the Northeast. Officials from the Midwest to the East Coast and as far south as North Carolina are warning residents to take precautions as the hazy smoke floats south and poses a risk to public health. Canada has been experiencing a particularly brutal wildfire season this year, as extreme weather is worsening in part due to climate change. Blazes have recently flared up across Alberta, British Columbia and Nova Scotia. Where did all of this thick, heavy smoke across the Northeast come from? Raging wildfires in Quebec are generating large smoke plumes to the north and ALL of the smoke is being funneled right into the Northeast. Unfortunately, more smoke is on the way for tonight and Wednesday. NWS Mount Holly NWS_MountHolly June 6, 2023 Earlier fires have also sent smoke into the neighboring and Canadian officials are warning that the country's wildfire situation may get worse as the summer wears on. "This is a scary time for a lot of people, not just in Alberta, but right across the country, including in the Atlantic, the North and Québec, too," Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said at a news conference on Monday. Canada is in the midst of an especially bad wildfire season So far this year, there have been 2,214 wildfires across Canada, according to Minister of Emergency Preparedness Bill Blair. The blazes have burned million hectares — or more than 8 million acres. The country is currently battling 413 wildfires, 249 of which are categorized as out of control, and an estimated 26,000 people remain evacuated from their homes. Across Québec, more than 150 fires are raging, many of which are burning out of control, according to the province's forest protection service. Authorities have restricted access to parts of the forest and closed some roads. Though officials said they hope precipitation forecasted for later in the week will help suppress the fires, the blazes were still sending smoke into the on Tuesday. The Statue of Liberty stands shrouded in a reddish haze as a result of Canadian wildfires on Tuesday. Spencer Platt/Getty Images hide caption toggle caption Spencer Platt/Getty Images The Statue of Liberty stands shrouded in a reddish haze as a result of Canadian wildfires on Tuesday. Spencer Platt/Getty Images Some states are being blanketed by Canadian wildfire smoke The Environmental Protection Agency and state officials in New England were predicting that wildfire smoke would linger over the region for a few days. Poor air quality alerts were in effect for all or parts of Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont. New York issued an air quality health advisory Tuesday for fine particulate matter in many parts of the state, including the New York City metro area. Some Midwestern states were under threat from wildfire smoke, with air quality warnings in states including Minnesota, Wisconsin and Indiana. Southern states were also impacted. Charlotte, and nearby areas were under a code orange air quality action day on Tuesday. According to AirNow, an air quality database maintained by several federal agencies, moderate air quality and air quality unhealthy for certain groups was also recorded in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, and several other states. Here's what one disaster preparedness expert says you should do "How concerned you should be has a lot to do with your own situation," Jeff Schlegelmilch, director of the National Center for Disaster Preparedness at Columbia University, told NPR. Not everybody is equally vulnerable to poor air quality, he said. It can be especially harmful for certain groups, including those with lung and heart disease, the elderly and pregnant people. Poorer communities already at a higher risk for diseases that can be worsened by unsafe air are also less able to pay for protective measures needed to guard against exposure. The severity of poor air quality can also vary, which is why the uses a color-coded systems to communicate how bad the air is in a certain place at a given time. Under the Air Quality Index, green indicates the best conditions while maroon is the worst. Still, Schlegelmilch says everyone should heed officials' warnings about poor air quality. Common recommendations include staying indoors and using an air filter, wearing a mask like an N95 when outside and avoiding strenuous activities. Air quality has plummeted across much of the northeast as smoke from wildfires in Canada moves south. Poor air quality can be hazardous. Before spending time outdoors, check the air quality forecast. Make sure you aren’t doing yourself more harm than good. National Weather Service NWS June 6, 2023 "If you've got a red alert for air quality, it's probably not the time to go out and go for that jog or go for that run," he said, "because you're breathing in more air and you're breathing in more air more deeply." Schlegelmilch says people should treat poor air quality as an ongoing health concern rather than a one-off event, since extreme weather is only going to worsen in the future and even repeated exposure to low levels of poor air quality can have a cumulative negative impact on your health. "I think it's really important that we sort of think of these things as we do any other type of health or hygiene process. It's a process. It's not one moment in time that we take a specific action and we're protected," he said. "When the air quality is bad, we have to take some of these protective measures for ourselves, both for the short-term and the long-term." Human activity has pushed the world into the danger zone in seven out of eight newly demarcated indicators of planetary safety and justice, according to a groundbreaking analysis of the Earth’s beyond climate disruption, the report by the Earth Commission group of scientists presents disturbing evidence that our planet faces growing crises of water availability, nutrient loading, ecosystem maintenance and aerosol pollution. These pose threats to the stability of life-support systems and worsen social study, which was published in Nature on Wednesday, is the most ambitious attempt yet to combine vital signs of planetary health with indicators of human Johan Rockström, one of the lead authors, said “It is an attempt to do an interdisciplinary science assessment of the entire people-planet system, which is something we must do given the risks we face.“We have reached what I call a saturation point where we hit the ceiling of the biophysical capacity of the Earth system to remain in its stable state. We are approaching tipping points, we are seeing more and more permanent damage of life-support systems at the global scale.”The Earth Commission, which was established by dozens of the world’s leading research institutions, wants the analysis to form the scientific backbone of the next generation of sustainability targets and practices, which extend beyond the current focus on climate to include other indices and environmental justice. It hopes that cities and businesses will adopt the targets as a way to measure the impact of their study sets out a series of “safe and just” benchmarks for the planet that can be compared to the vital signs for the human body. Instead of pulse, temperature and blood pressure, it looks at indicators such as water flow, phosphorus use and land boundaries are based on a synthesis of previous studies by universities and UN science groups, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem situation is grave in almost every category. Setting global benchmarks is challenging. For climate, the world has already adopted a target to keep global heating as low as possible between to 2C above pre-industrial levels. The Earth Commission notes that this is a dangerous level because many people are already badly affected by the extreme heat, droughts and floods that come with the current level of about They say a safe and just climate target is 1C, which would require a massive effort to draw carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. They note it is impossible to stabilise the climate without protecting achieve this, the “safe and just” boundary is for 50to 60% of the world to be home to predominantly natural ecosystems. The reality, however, is that only 45to 50% of the planet has an intact ecosystem. In human-altered areas, such as farms, cities and industrial parks, the commission says at least 20 to 25% of the land needs to be devoted to semi-natural habitats such as parks, allotments and clusters of trees in order to maintain ecosystem services such as pollination, water quality regulation, pest and disease control, and the health and mental health benefits provided by access to nature. However, about two-thirds of altered landscapes fail to meet this target is for aerosol pollution, which accumulates from car exhausts, factories, and coal, oil and gas power plants. At a global level, the report has focussed on minimising the imbalance of aerosol concentrations between the northern and southern hemispheres, which can disrupt the monsoon season and other weather patterns. At a local level, for example in cities, it follows the World Health Organization in establishing a boundary of 15 micrograms per cubic metre mean annual exposure to small particulate matter, known as which can damage the lungs and heart. This is an issue of social justice because poorer, often predominantly black communities tend to suffer the worst results as many are found in vulnerable benchmark for surface water is that no more than 20% of the flow of rivers and streams should be blocked in any catchment area because this leads to declining water quality and habit loss for freshwater species. This “safe boundary” has already been exceeded on a third of the world’s land by hydroelectric dams, drainage systems and construction. The story is similarly poor for groundwater systems, where the safe boundary is that aquifers are not depleted faster than they can be replenished. However, 47% of the world’s river basins are being run down at an alarming rate. This is a big problem in population centres such as Mexico City and areas of intensive agricultural such as the North China past newsletter promotionafter newsletter promotionNutrients are another area of concern because farmers in wealthier countries are spraying more nitrogen and phosphorus than the plants and land are able to absorb. This temporarily increases yields, but leads to runoffs into water systems that become suffocated by algae blooms and unhealthy for humans to drink. Global equity is the key here, the report says. Poorer nations need more fertilisers, while rich nations need to cut the surplus. Balanced out, the “safe and just boundary” in this case is a global surplus of 61m tonnes of nitrogen and about 6m tonnes of authors say the planetary diagnosis is grim but not yet beyond hope, though the time for a remedy is running Gupta, the Earth Commission co-chair and professor of environment and development in the global south at the University of Amsterdam, said “Our doctor would say the Earth is really quite sick right now in many areas. And this is affecting the people living on Earth. We must not just address symptoms, but also the causes.”David Obura, another member of the commission and director of coastal oceans research and development in the Indian Ocean, said the policy framework was already in place to get back within safe boundaries through the goals of existing UN climate and biodiversity agreements. But he stressed that consumption choices also needed to play an important role.“There are a number of medicines we can take, but we also need lifestyle changes – less meat, more water, and a more balanced diet,” he said. “It is possible to do it. Nature’s regenerative powers are robust … but we need a lot more commitment.”

concern for the environment is now at the